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idiopathic hypersomnia
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Extent and Health Consequences of Chronic Sleep Loss and ... - NCBI ncbi.nlm.nih.gov 18 facts
measurementIdiopathic hypersomnia with prolonged sleep time is characterized by excessive amounts of daily sleep, typically defined as more than 10 hours per day, as documented over long periods using daily logs and sleep studies.
claimIdiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time is characterized by a complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness and a short mean sleep latency on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT).
claimIdiopathic hypersomnia associated with prolonged sleep time typically begins during adolescence and is a lifelong condition.
claimSleep drunkenness, or sleep inertia, is a symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia with prolonged sleep time characterized by difficulty waking up and a feeling of being foggy for long periods after wake onset.
measurementIn most sleep disorders clinics with experience in the area, approximately one-third of hypersomnia cases are diagnosed with idiopathic hypersomnia without long sleep time.
claimSome cases of idiopathic hypersomnia with prolonged sleep times are reported to be familial, which suggests a genetic origin for the condition.
referenceBilliard and Dauvilliers (2001) provided a review of idiopathic hypersomnia.
claimIdiopathic hypersomnia with prolonged sleep time is a rare disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness where naps are typically unrefreshing, excessive daily sleep (typically more than 10 hours per day), and sleep drunkenness (sleep inertia).
referenceKanbayashi et al. (2002) measured cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) concentrations in patients with narcolepsy (with and without cataplexy) and idiopathic hypersomnia.
referenceThe clinical spectrum of narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia was reviewed by M.S. Aldrich in a 1996 article published in Neurology.
measurementThe prevalence of idiopathic hypersomnia with prolonged sleep time is estimated to be around 0.01 percent.
claimThe treatment of narcolepsy without cataplexy and idiopathic hypersomnia utilizes compounds similar to those used for narcolepsy with cataplexy, most notably modafinil and amphetamine-like stimulants (Billiard and Dauvilliers, 2001).
procedureIt is essential to exclude secondary causes, such as head trauma or hypersomnia resulting from depression, when diagnosing idiopathic hypersomnia, as noted by Roth (1976) and Billiard and Dauvilliers (2001).
claimThe prevalence of idiopathic hypersomnia without prolonged sleep time may be more substantial than 0.01 percent because most patients are likely not diagnosed.
claimIdiopathic hypersomnia with normal sleep time is a condition that is more variable and symptomatically defined than the form with prolonged sleep time.
claimThe pathophysiology of idiopathic hypersomnia is currently unknown.
claimNarcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia are defined by a clinically significant complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness that is not explained by circadian sleep disorders, sleep-disordered breathing, sleep deprivation, or other medical conditions (AASM, 2005).
procedureThe diagnosis of narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia is primarily based on the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT), which objectively quantifies daytime sleepiness (Carskadon et al., 1986; Arand et al., 2005).