Knowledge Tree
glycolysis
Facts (29)
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Mitochondria and the dynamic control of stem cell homeostasis link.springer.com Apr 16, 2018 19 facts
referenceMoussaieff et al. (2015) showed that glycolysis-mediated changes in acetyl-CoA and histone acetylation control the early differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
claimMitochondrial acetyl-CoA can be imported from the cytoplasm under conditions promoting lipid oxidation or generated from glycolysis-derived pyruvate via the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC).
referenceFolmes et al. (2011) reported that somatic oxidative bioenergetics transition into pluripotency-dependent glycolysis to facilitate nuclear reprogramming.
claimHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on glycolysis and possess elongated mitochondria, requiring the expression of the fusion protein MFN2.
claimTumor cells and pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) utilize a glycolytic state to support high proliferative rates by generating biomass precursors via glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.
referenceHall et al. (2012) argued that oxidative phosphorylation, rather than glycolysis, powers presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms underlying brain information processing.
claimAdult stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs), depend on glycolysis for energy despite having low proliferative rates or being quiescent.
claimThe metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis during induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation is similar to the "Warburg effect" or "aerobic glycolysis" described by Otto Warburg in cancer cells, where cells maintain high glycolytic rates even in the presence of oxygen.
claimThe metabolic profile of reprogrammed cells shifts from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis during the induction of pluripotency.
claimGlycolysis and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1a) are activated during reprogramming to pluripotency even under normoxic culture conditions.
claimNaïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) exhibit a bivalent metabolism that relies on both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and they also demonstrate increased glycolytic metabolism.
claimThe preference for glycolysis over mitochondrial function is suggested to be a fundamental feature of stemness, independent of the proliferative state of the cells.
claimPrimed pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) prefer generating mitochondrial acetyl-CoA from glycolysis-derived pyruvate through the action of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC).
claimMitochondrial metabolism plays a role in maintaining stemness, alongside the importance of glycolysis.
claimThe mechanisms underlying increased glycolysis in the absence of oxygen may involve the induction of a gene expression program activated by hypoxia-inducible factors, such as hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1a).
referencePdk regulates glycolysis to function as a metabolic checkpoint for cell cycle quiescence in hematopoietic stem cells, according to research by Takubo et al. published in Cell Stem Cell in 2013.
claimThe reliance of stem cells on glycolysis may serve to reduce mitochondrial metabolism, thereby maintaining low levels of harmful free radicals.
claimThe increase in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) observed in naïve pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) does not necessarily result in reduced glycolysis.
claimThe high energy flux of glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) supports stem cell antioxidant defenses by providing NADPH, which maintains glutathione (GSH) in its reduced form.
Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in ... genesdev.cshlp.org 6 facts
claimHair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs) rely on glycolysis to sustain proliferation.
claimHematopoietic stem cells reside in hypoxic areas of the niche and elevate glycolysis during periods of quiescence.
claimThe effects of dietary interventions on central carbon pathways, such as glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the TCA cycle, and amino acid biosynthesis, remain relatively unexplored and require further investigation using organismal isotopic tracing studies.
claimMaintenance of hematopoietic stem cell quiescence requires the action of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, which enhances glycolysis by preventing the shunting of pyruvate for mitochondrial oxidation.
claimUnder fasting conditions in vivo, glucose feeds into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by circulating lactate in all tissues except the brain, while glucose primarily feeds into glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway.
referenceHair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) that cannot activate lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity fail to activate hair cycling, as LDH activity is required to sustain redox balance to promote glycolysis (Flores et al. 2017).
Cellular rejuvenation: molecular mechanisms and potential ... - Nature nature.com Mar 14, 2023 2 facts
claimMetabolic reprogramming, characterized by increased glycolysis, upregulated glutaminolysis, and accelerated fatty acid oxidation, is a key contributor to fibrosis.
claimTargeted inhibition of metabolic processes such as glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and fatty acid oxidation can regulate collagen production, reduce extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and alleviate the progression of fibrosis.
Neuroimaging in psychedelic drug development: past, present, and ... nature.com Sep 27, 2023 1 fact
claimResearchers have evaluated the downstream effects of psilocybin using [11C]raclopride PET to measure dopamine release and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET to measure changes in glycolysis and brain metabolism.
Physiology, Homeostasis - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf ncbi.nlm.nih.gov May 1, 2023 1 fact
claimA controlled (nonregulated) variable is a variable whose value is altered to maintain a regulated variable within a narrow range, such as the roles of gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and glycogenolysis in maintaining blood glucose concentration.