Knowledge Tree
flight-initiation-distance
Facts (11)
Sources
Allostasis revisited: A perception, variation, and risk framework frontiersin.org Sep 28, 2022 11 facts
claimFlight-initiation-distance can vary seasonally and with changes in climate.
referenceSeltmann et al. (2012) found that stress responsiveness, age, and body condition interactively affect flight initiation distance in breeding female eiders, as published in Animal Behaviour.
referenceFlight-initiation-distance is defined as the distance an organism is from a perceived threat when it chooses to flee, as established by Ydenberg and Dill (1986) and Stankowich and Blumstein (2005).
perspectiveThe concept of flight-initiation-distance offers a clearer interpretation of behavioral decision-making compared to the literature on 'stress,' which is often treated as a murky and self-referential continuum.
claimAnders Pape Møller et al. demonstrated that both urban habitats and the presence of feeders contribute to the reduction of flight initiation distance in birds in a 2015 study published in Behavioral Ecology.
claimThe decision to elevate glucocorticoid levels to engage the Emergency Life-History Stage (ELHS) resembles the decision prey animals make regarding flight-initiation-distance in response to a perceived predation threat.
referenceUchida et al. (2016) studied the seasonal variation of flight initiation distance in Eurasian red squirrels in urban versus rural habitats, published in the Journal of Zoology.
claimFactors affecting flight-initiation-distance include cues indicating threat probability and severity (predator presence, attention, velocity, prey distance from cover, body condition, crypsis) and factors reflecting the cost of departure (food size and density, territoriality, and competition).
claimAnders Pape Møller found that life history, predation, and flight initiation distance are related in migratory birds in a 2014 study published in the Journal of Evolutionary Biology.
claimThe cost of departure for a prey animal, which influences flight-initiation-distance, is reflected by habitat-related factors including the size and density of food, territoriality, and competition.
claimFlight-initiation-distance varies seasonally and with changes in climate, according to research by Uchida et al. (2016) and Møller (2014).