Knowledge Tree
cross-pollination
Also known as: cross-pollinate
Facts (40)
Sources
Hemp vs. marijuana: Cross-pollination concerns grow | Verisk verisk.com 19 facts
measurementCross-pollination can reduce the cannabinoid content of a marijuana field by about 1 percent.
claimIn August 2019, a seed company in Oregon filed a lawsuit against nearby hemp growers, accusing them of negligence, nuisance, and trespass due to cross-pollination from a mixed crop of male and female plants.
claimExperts have suggested maintaining a distance of 10 miles between hemp and marijuana fields to help prevent unintended cross-pollination caused by wind-blown pollen.
measurementApproximately 8 percent of marijuana production in Oregon is estimated to be impacted by cross-pollination from nearby hemp crops.
claimHemp and marijuana plants are members of the same species, which allows them to cross-pollinate, meaning pollen from a male plant can pollinate a female plant.
claimIndustrial hemp farmers and marijuana farmers may face cross-pollination issues if their fields are located in close proximity to one another.
claimExperts have suggested a distance of 10 miles between hemp and marijuana fields to help prevent cross-pollination.
claimCross-pollination from hemp crops can reportedly reduce the cannabinoid content of a marijuana field by approximately 1 percent.
claimMarijuana growers in Washington state have expressed concerns regarding the potential for cross-pollination from nearby industrial hemp farms.
measurementApproximately 8 percent of marijuana production in Oregon is estimated to be impacted by cross-pollination.
claimResearchers hope their work will support the development of more appropriate recommendations for the distances required between farms to prevent cross-pollination.
claimMarijuana crops that have been cross-pollinated must be sold for extraction, which results in a lower market value for the farmer.
claimThe rapid growth of the hemp industry has led to an increase in disputes regarding cross-pollination with other cannabis crops.
claimResearchers at Virginia Tech aim to use wind-dispersed pollen prediction models to support recommendations for safe distances between farms to prevent cross-pollination.
claimHemp and marijuana plants are members of the same species and can cross-pollinate, meaning pollen from a male plant can fertilize a female plant.
claimMichigan state agencies that regulate marijuana and hemp do not coordinate to mitigate cross-pollination, and because field location information is not public, farmers face difficulty in voluntarily spacing fields far enough apart.
procedureTo mitigate the negative effects of cross-pollination, farmers in the hemp and marijuana industries attempt to cultivate only female plants and remove male plants from farms as soon as possible.
claimUnintended cross-pollination between hemp and marijuana fields can occur when pollen from an outdoor field is carried by the wind to other fields.
claimIn Michigan, state agencies that regulate marijuana and hemp do not coordinate to mitigate cross-pollination, and location information for these fields is not public, making it difficult for farmers to voluntarily space fields far enough apart.
Myths and realities of hemp and cross-pollination - Marijuana Venture marijuanaventure.com Feb 10, 2015 8 facts
perspectiveThe concern among outdoor marijuana growers regarding cross-pollination between marijuana and industrial hemp is grounded in truth, though the author characterizes current fears as a distorted and emotionally-based version of that truth.
claimThe cross-pollination risk between hemp and marijuana is botanically analogous to the risk between field corn and sweet corn.
perspectiveThe author of the Marijuana Venture article argues that while the concern regarding hemp and marijuana cross-pollination is valid, it does not warrant the level of hysteria observed in Washington.
claimCross-pollination between marijuana and hemp is more financially disastrous for marijuana growers than for hemp farmers due to the higher production costs and market value of medical and adult-use marijuana.
measurementIndustrial hemp is primarily pollinated by wind, with most pollen traveling approximately 100 yards.
claimCross-pollination of hemp with marijuana significantly reduces the potency of the marijuana plants.
claimHemp plants go to seed quickly, creating a risk of cross-pollinating marijuana plants grown in the same or nearby fields.
procedureCorn producers prevent cross-pollination between field and sweet corn varieties by growing them at different times or maintaining sufficient distance between fields.
Weighing the risk of cannabis cross-pollination - Hemp Production canr.msu.edu Jul 12, 2019 6 facts
perspectiveCannabis industry stakeholders and forward-thinking regulators should cooperate to identify equitable solutions to the problem of cross-pollination.
perspectiveCannabis growers should initiate an open dialogue to address the risk of cross-pollination until further research is conducted and policy is established to mitigate that risk.
claimMichigan Ballot Proposal 1 of 2018 legalized both recreational marijuana and industrial hemp, making a state-level ban on either crop to address cross-pollination unlikely.
claimIndustry experts recommend a minimum distance of 10 miles between outdoor cannabis fields to mitigate the risk of cross-pollination.
claimTemporal isolation, achieved by using artificial shading to induce flowering at different times, is a potential solution for managing cross-pollination in cannabis.
referenceUshiyama, T., Du, M., Inoue, S., Shibaike, H., Yonemura, S., Kawashima, S., & Amano, K. (2009) published 'Three-dimensional prediction of maize pollen dispersal and cross-pollination, and the effects of windbreaks' in Environmental biosafety research, 8(4), 183-202.
Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of ... frontiersin.org Jan 25, 2022 5 facts
claimLuis A. N. Aguirrezabal from the National University of Mar del Plata, Argentina, served as the editor for the article 'Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of Cannabis spp.' published in Frontiers in Plant Science.
referenceThe article 'Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of Cannabis spp.' was published in the journal Frontiers in Plant Science on January 26, 2022, by authors Olejar KJ and Park S-H.
claimMohsen Hesami from the University of Guelph, Canada, and Antonio Giovino from the Council for Agricultural and Economics Research (CREA), Italy, served as reviewers for the article 'Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of Cannabis spp.' published in Frontiers in Plant Science.
claimSang-Hyuck Park is the corresponding author for the article 'Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of Cannabis spp.' published in Frontiers in Plant Science.
claimHemp cultivation exceeding legal THC limits is caused by cross-pollination only if the seeds used were the result of cross-pollination.
Unknown source 2 facts
claimThe article 'Industry-Based Misconceptions Regarding Cross-Pollination of ...' published in Frontiers in Plant Science refutes the misconception that cross-pollination increases THC levels in cannabis plants by identifying alternative methods that contribute to high THC levels.
claimExperts cited in the Marijuana Venture article 'Myths and realities of hemp and cross-pollination' state that a distance of 10 miles between hemp fields and marijuana fields is appropriate to avoid cross-pollination.