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Walter Cannon proposed a set of postulates in 1929 regarding homeostasis: in an open system like the human body, constancy is evidence of active agencies maintaining that constancy; steady states are maintained because tendencies toward change are met by increased effectiveness of resisting factors; factors maintaining a steady state do not act in opposite directions at the same point; homeostatic agents can be antagonistic in one region and cooperative in another; homeostatic states are determined by multiple cooperating factors acting simultaneously or successively; and if a factor shifts a homeostatic state in one direction, there is likely automatic control or an opposite factor to counteract it.

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