Relations (1)
Facts (3)
Sources
Independence play: Europe's pursuit of strategic autonomy ecfr.eu 3 facts
measurementOf the 12 European Union member states that joined the 16+1 framework, eight declared in an ECFR survey that China was not part of their discussion of European strategic autonomy.
procedureThe European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR) conducted a study on European strategic autonomy by utilizing a network of researchers in all 28 European Union member states to interview more than 100 policymakers and analysts, while also reviewing policy documents, academic discourse, media analysis, and opinion polls.
measurementAccording to an ECFR survey, 15 European Union member states do not include China in their discussions regarding European strategic autonomy.