Knowledge Tree
Relations (1)
related 2.58 — strongly supporting 5 facts
The Netherlands is a member state of the European Union, as evidenced by its inclusion in lists of member states regarding strategic autonomy [1], [2], and [3]. Furthermore, the Netherlands has actively contributed to European Union policy development, such as adopting an Indo-Pacific strategy [4] and co-authoring a non-paper on 'open' strategic autonomy [5].
Facts (5)
Sources
Independence play: Europe's pursuit of strategic autonomy ecfr.eu 3 facts
claimThe Netherlands and Sweden are the only two European Union member states that question the need to increase European Union investment in intelligence.
claimDenmark, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Poland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom are the six European Union member states where diplomats and defence experts regard European strategic autonomy as a contentious issue.
measurementEleven European Union member states, including Denmark, Poland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, view European strategic autonomy (ESA) as an unimportant or contested goal.
Quest for Strategic Autonomy? Europe Grapples with the US - China ... realinstitutoelcano.org 2 facts
claimFrance (2018, updated 2020), Germany (2020), the Netherlands (2020), the European Union (2021), Czechia (2022), Lithuania (2023), and Sweden (2024) have adopted Indo-Pacific strategies.
claimThe concept of 'open' strategic autonomy in EU policy builds on a prior joint non-paper with the Netherlands and reflects a commitment to multilateralism, international cooperation, and proportionality.