Relations (1)

cross_type 2.00 — strongly supporting 3 facts

Donald Trump and Brexit are linked as dual catalysts for European strategic shifts in defense and security [1] and geopolitical awareness [2], and they are jointly analyzed as key drivers of the rise of populism in academic literature [3].

Facts (3)

Sources
Hybrid War: High-tech, Information and Cyber Conflicts connections-qj.org Connections: The Quarterly Journal 1 fact
referenceRonald Inglehart and Pippa Norris authored 'Trump, Brexit, and the Rise of Populism: Economic Have-nots and Cultural Backlash,' published as HKS Working Paper No. RWP16-026 by the Harvard Kennedy School in 2016.
The EU between strategic autonomy and the transatlantic relationship esisc.org ESISC 1 fact
claimEuropean cooperation in defense and security has made significant progress since 2014, driven by factors including a challenging security environment, the impact of Brexit, the posture of U.S. President Donald Trump within NATO, demands for deeper integration following the 2009 Eurozone debt crisis, and defense industrial rationales.
Independence play: Europe's pursuit of strategic autonomy ecfr.eu European Council on Foreign Relations 1 fact
claimThe election of Donald Trump as US president and the United Kingdom's decision to leave the EU triggered a slow strategic awakening among some European governments, leading them to take geopolitical questions more seriously.