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related 13.00 — strongly supporting 13 facts
Industrial hemp is a plant source that contains bast fiber within its stalk structure, as described in [1] and [2]. The production, harvesting, and quality of this bast fiber are directly dependent on the cultivation and processing of industrial hemp, as detailed in [3], [4], [5], and [6].
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A critical review of industrial fiber hemp anatomy, agronomic ... bioresources.cnr.ncsu.edu 13 facts
claimA typical industrial hemp plant is composed of stalks, flowers, leaves, roots, and seeds, with the stalk consisting of a hollow inner core of rigid woody material called hurd surrounded by a layer of long fibers known as bast.
claimPhosphorus fertilization affects industrial hemp plant height, tensile strength, and elasticity of bast fibers, but does not affect grain, stem, or biomass yield.
claimDioecious industrial hemp grown for bast fiber is typically harvested when the male plants have finished blooming.
procedureFor high-quality bast fiber applications, industrial hemp stalks are cut into 1-meter sections and aligned parallel, leaving a continuous layer of stalks on the ground before being retted or sent to processing.
claimThe optimal period to harvest industrial hemp for bast fiber is before the grains are completely mature, which is typically 70 to 90 days after sowing.
claimIndustrial hemp bast fiber becomes too coarse for textile applications if harvested later than 70 to 90 days after sowing.
claimThe quality and yield of industrial hemp bast fiber are affected more by potassium than by phosphorus.
claimIndustrial hemp is considered the second-largest farmed bast fiber after jute, and it serves as a feedstock for fibers, biocomposites, packaging, and bioplastics due to its renewable, biodegradable, and recyclable qualities.
claimTo obtain high-quality bast fiber from industrial hemp, the plant should be harvested before grain and cannabinoids begin to develop.
claimHarvesting industrial hemp at full bloom results in the maximum yield of bast fiber, cellulose, and overall biomass.
claimPotassium uptake in industrial hemp increases with plant maturity, with the highest uptake occurring during the development stage of bast fibers, which causes significant increases in cellulose and hemicellulose content.
claimSecondary macronutrients and micronutrients such as magnesium and calcium have slight effects on industrial hemp plant growth but no direct effect on grain and bast fiber yield, with the exception of boron and copper.
claimThe hurd of an industrial hemp stalk is engirdled by vascular cambium, along with an outer layer of cells made up of epidermal tissue, cortex, and phloem that forms the bark, within which the bast fibers are located.