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cross_type 0.50 — strongly supporting 5 facts
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy provides a comprehensive analysis of the concept of testimony, specifically defining it as 'T told S that p' {fact:1, fact:3} and exploring various epistemological frameworks and characterizations regarding how it justifies belief {fact:2, fact:4, fact:5}.
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Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 5 facts
claimThe epistemology of testimony article in the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy defines testimony for its purposes using the rough formulation: 'T told S that p'.
claimThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony adopts the working definition of testimony as "T told S that p" to navigate disputes regarding the exact nature of testimony.
perspectiveThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony classifies approaches to testimonially-based justification as "Liberal" or "Conservative," where Liberals are less demanding and Conservatives are more demanding regarding what counts as justified belief or knowledge.
claimThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on the Epistemology of Testimony focuses on the general epistemology of testimony rather than the specific epistemology of human testimony.
perspectiveThe Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that various characterizations of testimony—such as assurance, epistemic agency, transfer of reasons, and passing the epistemic buck—are not necessarily mutually exclusive and could all be true simultaneously.