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The relationship between the brain and the mind is a central topic in philosophy and cognitive science, where they are frequently analyzed as either distinct entities interacting with one another [1], [2], [3] or as a unified system where the brain generates or realizes the mind [4], [5], [6]. This connection is supported by evidence ranging from the study of neural correlates [7], [8] to clinical observations of how brain injuries impact personality and mental function [9], [10].
Facts (28)
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Dualism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Winter 2016 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 4 facts
claimPhysicalists generally accept David Hume's bundle theory unless they wish to ascribe the unity of the mind to the brain or the organism as a whole.
claimHerbert Feigl (1958) defines 'nomological danglers' as brute facts that are added to the body of integrated physical law, specifically referring to the laws linking mind and brain.
claimRené Descartes identified the pineal gland as the site of interaction between the mind and the body, primarily because it is not duplicated on both sides of the brain and thus serves as a candidate for a unique, unifying function.
claimProponents of the dualist argument claim that one can know a priori through introspection that the mind is not more-than-causally dependent on a radically different nature, such as a brain or body.
Non-physicalist Theories of Consciousness cambridge.org 4 facts
claimBrain injuries can fundamentally change a person's personality, which indicates a strong dependence of the mind on the brain.
perspectiveThe physicalist explanation for mind-brain supervenience is considered simpler and more elegant than the dualist explanation because it does not require positing extra laws of nature and allows for regarding the mind and brain as one thing rather than two.
claimSupervenience between mind and brain is a correlation where there can be no change in consciousness without a corresponding change in the brain, though there can be a brain change without a change in consciousness.
accountThe case of Phineas Gage, a railroad worker who survived a metal rod piercing his brain between 1823 and 1860, serves as an early indication of the dependence between the mind and the brain because the accident caused a radical change in his personality from balanced and well-liked to gross, profane, coarse, and vulgar.
Consciousness studies : cross-cultural perspectives - Internet Archive archive.org 2 facts
referenceThe book 'Consciousness studies: cross-cultural perspectives' organizes Western traditions of consciousness into several key areas: primary awareness, paradoxical and pathological awareness, paranormal awareness, philosophical discussions on consciousness, mind and intentionality, the relationship between consciousness and the brain in physics, and various psychologies of consciousness.
referenceThe Western Tradition section of 'Consciousness studies: cross-cultural perspectives' covers topics including primary awareness, paradoxical and pathological awareness, paranormal awareness, philosophical discussions on consciousness, mind and intentionality, the relationship between consciousness and the brain, the new physics, and psychologies of consciousness.
Panpsychism - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 2 facts
perspectiveDavid Chalmers believes information plays an integral role in any theory of consciousness because the mind and brain possess corresponding informational structures.
claimPhilosophers such as David Chalmers argue that theories of consciousness must provide insight into the brain and mind to avoid the problem of mental causation.
(PDF) Cross-Cultural Approaches to Consciousness - Academia.edu academia.edu 1 fact
claimWestern cognitive science has predominantly investigated the mind through third-person observation of the brain and behavior.
Quantum Approaches to Consciousness plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimThe distinction between mind and matter ranges from the view that they are fundamentally distinct at a primordial level to the view that consciousness emerges from the brain as a highly developed material system.
Exploring “lucid sleep” and altered states of consciousness using ... philosophymindscience.org 1 fact
referenceHobson (1996) discussed how the brain goes out of its mind in the journal Endeavour.
Moving Forward on the Problem of Consciousness - David Chalmers consc.net 1 fact
referenceM. Lockwood authored the book 'Mind, Brain, and the Quantum,' which was published by Blackwell in Oxford in 1989.
Unknown source 1 fact
claimAccording to the philosophical theory of dualism, the mind exists independently of the brain and has the capacity to influence the brain, which gives rise to conscious experience.
The Conscious Mind - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.org 1 fact
claimThe 'double-aspect principle' posits that certain information is realized both physically in the brain and phenomenologically in the mind.
Hard Problem of Consciousness - David Chalmers - organism.earth organism.earth 1 fact
claimThe “Hard Problem of Consciousness” is defined as the problem of how physical processes in the brain give rise to the subjective experience of the mind and of the world.
Consciousness in Artificial Intelligence? A Framework for Classifying ... arxiv.org 1 fact
claimOne objection to digital consciousness posits that only analog systems can be conscious because the analog nature of the processes in the brain that realize a mind is essential.
Six Theories of Consciousness - Mind Matters mindmatters.ai 1 fact
claimMind–brain dualism is the view that the mind and the brain are fundamentally different kinds of things, where the brain is physical matter and the mind is nonphysical and cannot be fully explained by brain activity alone.
(PDF) On the function of consciousness - an adaptationist perspective academia.edu 1 fact
claimThe dual-aspect-dual-mode framework of consciousness leads to structural and functional coherence between the mind and the brain, bridges the explanatory gap between subjective experiences and their neural correlates, and results in mundane subjective experiences.
Dualism, Physicalism, and Philosophy of Mind - Capturing Christianity capturingchristianity.com 1 fact
quoteAlexander Rosenberg states: “if the mind is the brain (and scientism can’t allow that it is anything else)… we have to stop taking our selves seriously… We have to realize that there is no self, soul or enduring agent, no subject of the first-person pronoun, tracking its interior life while it also tracks much of what is going on around us. This self cannot be the whole body, or its brain, and there is no part of either that qualifies for being the self by way of numerical-identity over time. There seems to be only one way we make sense of the person whose identity endures over time and over bodily change. This way is by positing a concrete but non-spatial entity with a point of view somewhere behind the eyes and between the ears in the middle of our heads. Since physics has excluded the existence of anything concrete but nonspatial, and since physics fixes all the facts, we have to give up this last illusion consciousness foists on us.”
Quantum Mechanical Theories of Consciousness (Book) | OSTI.GOV osti.gov 1 fact
referenceThe book titled 'Quantum Mechanical Theories of Consciousness' describes the principal quantum mechanical theories regarding the connection between the mind and the brain.
Consciousness (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 ... plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
referenceM. Gazzaniga published 'Mind Matters: How Mind and Brain Interact to Create our Conscious Lives' through Houghton Mifflin in 1988.
Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2025 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 1 fact
claimForms of panpsychism that identify the mind with the brain face the challenge of explaining how the rich structure of consciousness results from, or co-exists with, the different structure of the brain.
Critique of Panpsychism: Philosophical Coherence and Scientific ... thequran.love 1 fact
perspectiveSome scientists view panpsychism as a non-functional worldview because it does not alter how research on the brain and mind is conducted, regardless of its truth value.
The History of Psychedelics and Neuroscience events.umich.edu 1 fact
perspectiveNick Denomme views psychoactive substances as tools for understanding the mechanisms by which the brain generates the mind.