Relations (1)

related 2.32 — strongly supporting 4 facts

The concept of 'memory' is a broad cognitive domain that encompasses 'verbal learning and memory' as a specific subset, as evidenced by its inclusion in cognitive measure assessments [1]. Furthermore, 'verbal learning and memory' is explicitly measured through standardized tools like the RAVLT [2], [3], which quantify recall performance [4].

Facts (4)

Sources
Investigating the impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions ... frontiersin.org Frontiers 4 facts
formulaThe Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) scores represent the total number of words recalled across trials.
measurementThe correlation between Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) performance is -0.32 (p < 0.001), indicating a moderate negative relationship between sleep quality and verbal learning and memory.
referenceThe Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) assesses verbal learning and memory through a series of word recall trials, as established by McMinn et al. in 1988.
measurementStudents in London scored significantly higher on cognitive measures, including verbal learning, memory, attention, executive function, non-verbal reasoning, and cognitive flexibility, compared to students in Tokyo (p < 0.01).