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Panpsychism (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy/Fall 2015 Edition) plato.stanford.edu 2 facts
quoteRudolf Hermann Lotze wrote in 1852 regarding Gustav Fechner's 1848 work 'Nanna, or On the Mental Life of the Plants': “one cannot search for the mind arbitrarily in the plants, the darlings of our fantasy, and remain satisfied with the existence of dead matter in the rocks”.
claimGustav Fechner, Wilhelm Wundt, and William James are classified as "parallelist panpsychists" who endorse a Spinozistic parallelism between mind and matter, where every physical entity has mental attributes and vice versa.