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Epistemological Problems of Testimony plato.stanford.edu 7 facts
claimTestimonial Reliabilists who endorse an Anti-Individualistic approach explain differences in testimonial justification between scenarios by requiring both the speaker and hearer to be reliable producers and consumers of testimony.
claimAnti-Individualist Testimonial Reliabilists argue that testimonial justification must be understood through cognitive processes that include both the speaker's production of testimony and the hearer's consumption of that testimony.
referenceCrispin Wright's hybrid view of testimonial justification suggests that a hearer's belief can be justified by the hearer's own evidence for accepting what the speaker says, the reliability of the speaker's testimony, or by inheriting the evidence possessed by the speaker.
claimTestimonial Reliabilists define testimonial justification as the reliability of the processes involved in both the production and consumption of testimony.
referenceJennifer Lackey's hybrid view of testimonial justification posits that justification consists partly in the hearer's evidence for accepting the speaker's testimony, and partly in the reliability of the speaker and hearer at producing and consuming testimony respectively.
claimLocal Reductionism implies that humans have less testimonial justification than previously assumed, because it requires hearers to be skilled at monitoring for signs of falsehood and unreliability, a skill humans lack.
claimThe central question in the debate over testimonial justification is whether testimony is a basic source of justification or if it can be reduced to a combination of other epistemic sources.
Epistemology of Testimony | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy iep.utm.edu 1 fact
perspectiveDavid Hume's reductionist perspective posits that individuals properly form beliefs based on testimony only because they have observed other confirmed instances of the veracity of human testimony, meaning testimonial justification is reducible to perceptual, memorial, and inferential justification.
Social Epistemology – Introduction to Philosophy - Rebus Press press.rebus.community 1 fact
claimTestimonial justification reduces to other forms of justification, such as observation and memory, because testimony is only considered evidence when supported by inductive evidence.