trade policy ↔ European Union

Relations (1)

cross_type 2.81 — strongly supporting 6 facts

The European Union is actively shaping its trade policy to address global economic challenges, as evidenced by its pursuit of new free trade agreements [1] and the need to redefine its industrial and trade strategies in response to external pressures [2]. Furthermore, the European Union's competitiveness is explicitly defined by the intersection of its domestic industrial and foreign trade policies [3], with recent consensus focusing on more assertive trade measures [4].

Facts (6)

Sources

The EU's Open Strategic Autonomy and the challenge of ... globalpolicyjournal.com Eugenia Baroncelli · Global Policy Journal 3 facts

referenceThe European Union has developed a consensus on pursuing more assertive trade and industrial policies, characterized by competitiveness, drastic simplification, targeted support for innovative EU partnerships, and protection from unfair foreign competition, as outlined in the 2024 Draghi Report, the 2025 Competitiveness Compass, and the 2025 Clean Industrial Deal.

claimEuropean Union competitiveness is defined as being at the crossroads of domestic industrial policy and foreign trade policy, and has been used as a synonym for growth-productivity or as an equivalent of trade performance, such as revealed comparative advantage and market shares.

claimThe 'China shock' (Autor et al. 2013), the 2016 Brexit vote, and the policy shifts of the United States during Donald Trump's first presidential term pressured the European Union to redefine its trade and industrial policies.

Quest for Strategic Autonomy? Europe Grapples with the US - China ... realinstitutoelcano.org Real Instituto Elcano 1 fact

claimIf Donald Trump's trade policies reduce the European Union's trade surplus with the United States, the European Union may lose its economic cushion, potentially exacerbating tensions with China unless Beijing adopts a more open trade stance.

Transatlantic Trade, the Trump Disruption and the World ... - ECPS populismstudies.org Kent Jones · European Center for Populism Studies 1 fact

perspectiveThe European Union would benefit from a 'variable geometry' approach to social interests in trade policy, which is currently difficult to implement within the existing World Trade Organization framework.

Europe's quest for strategic autonomy in response to Trumpism link.springer.com Springer 1 fact

perspectiveThe European Union should seek new partners and promote free trade agreements in its trade policy.